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▴ Proto-Turkic▴ Altaic etymology▴ Meaning▴ Russian meaning▴ Old Turkic▴ Karakhanid▴ Turkish▴ Tatar▴ Middle Turkic▴ Uzbek▴ Uighur▴ Sary-Yughur▴ Azerbaidzhan▴ Turkmen▴ Khakassian▴ Shor▴ Oyrat▴ Halaj▴ Chuvash▴ Yakut▴ Dolgan▴ Tuva▴ Tofalar▴ Kirghiz▴ Kazakh▴ Noghai▴ Bashkir▴ Balkar▴ Gagauz▴ Karaim▴ Karakalpak▴ Salar▴ Kumyk▴ Commentsface="Times New Roman Star"*K(i)arba- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 to grope (for smth.) 2 to grasp (with hands or teeth) 3 to swim (grope through water with hands and feet) 4 to rake up face="Times New Roman Star"1 нащупывать 2 хватать (руками или зубами) 3 плавать (хвататься за воду руками и ногами) 4 сгребать face="Times New Roman Star"qarva- (OUygh.) 1 face="Times New Roman Star"qarva- (MK ) 1 face="Times New Roman Star"kavra- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"qarba- (Qutb ) face="Times New Roman Star"Gabra- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"xarba- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"qarba- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"qarba- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"xarba:- 2,3,4 face="Times New Roman Star"karba:- 'to row, swim' face="Times New Roman Star"qarban- 3 face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 646, VEWT 243, ЭСТЯ 5, 302-303, Мудрак 103 (with a wrong attribution of Tuva xyr-). Despite Kal/. MEJ 42, Stachowski 139, forms like Yak. xarba:- are hardly borrowed < Mong. qarma- (on which see under *k`ar/a). face="Times New Roman Star"*o"k- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"to fall down, bow down face="Times New Roman Star"падать, склоняться face="Times New Roman Star"u"ku"s- 'to nod, fall asleep sitting' face="Times New Roman Star"u"k- face="Times New Roman Star"o"ko"j- 'to bow (forwards)' face="Times New Roman Star"o"ko"j- 'to bow (forwards)' face="Times New Roman Star"Stachowski 199. face="Times New Roman Star"*to"re- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"to be born, originate face="Times New Roman Star"рождаться, происходить face="Times New Roman Star"to"ru"- (Orkh., OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"to"ru"- (MK , KB ) face="Times New Roman Star"tu"re- face="Times New Roman Star"tu"ra"- (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"to"ru"-, to"re- (Sangl. , Abush. ) face="Times New Roman Star"to"ra"- face="Times New Roman Star"do"re- face="Times New Roman Star"to"r@- face="Times New Roman Star"to"ro"- face="Times New Roman Star"to"ro":- face="Times New Roman Star"to"ro":- face="Times New Roman Star"to"ru"- face="Times New Roman Star"do"ru"- face="Times New Roman Star"to"ro"- face="Times New Roman Star"to"re- face="Times New Roman Star"do"re- face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 495, EDT 533, ЭСТЯ 3, 283-284, Stachowski 228. The Turkm. voicedness is unclear. face="Times New Roman Star"*Kal- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 old man 2 to be tired 3 to be ? years old face="Times New Roman Star"1 старик 2 уставать 3 иметь возраст face="Times New Roman Star"qal- (Orkh., YB ) 3 face="Times New Roman Star"qal (MK ) 1 face="Times New Roman Star"qal- 'to come to an end' (CCum .) face="Times New Roman Star"qala- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"xoll-en 'slowly' face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 224. EDT 615-616. Chuv. xullen is derived (by Tekin 1975 , 281) from PT *K(i)al/an| (v. sub *ki_ol/a ), but it rather belongs here. face="Times New Roman Star"*Kolu face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 period of time 2 originally face="Times New Roman Star"1 период времени 2 первоначально face="Times New Roman Star"qolu 1 (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"qolu 2 face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 617, Лексика 69-70, Clark 1977 , 148-149. face="Times New Roman Star"*opa face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"white powder, white lead face="Times New Roman Star"белый порошок, свинцовые белила face="Times New Roman Star"opo (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"opo (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"opa (Ettuhf. ) face="Times New Roman Star"upa face="Times New Roman Star"upa face="Times New Roman Star"oba face="Times New Roman Star"obo face="Times New Roman Star"upa face="Times New Roman Star"opa face="Times New Roman Star"opa face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 363, EDT 6, ЭСТЯ 1, 465-466. face="Times New Roman Star"*sia:c? face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 white copper, tin 2 pan face="Times New Roman Star"1 белая жесть 2 сковорода face="Times New Roman Star"sac? 2 (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"sac? 2 face="Times New Roman Star"sac? (AH ), saz?| (Pav. C. ) 2 face="Times New Roman Star"saz?| 2 face="Times New Roman Star"sa:c? 2 face="Times New Roman Star"s?ъw|vъw|s/, s?us/, s?os/ 1 face="Times New Roman Star"saz?|aq 'tripod' face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 794, VEWT 391-392, Лексика 406, ЭСТЯ 7, Федотов 2, 438-439. face="Times New Roman Star"*saj- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 to slander, lie 2 slander, lie face="Times New Roman Star"1 клеветать, лгать 2 клевета, ложь face="Times New Roman Star"sajig| 'delirium' face="Times New Roman Star"sajg|a- 1, sajg|ax 2 face="Times New Roman Star"sajg|aq 2 face="Times New Roman Star"soj- 1, soj 2 face="Times New Roman Star"saj- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 395, ЭСТЯ 7, Ашм. XI, 160. face="Times New Roman Star"*sin|ek face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 mosquito 2 fly face="Times New Roman Star"1 комар 2 муха face="Times New Roman Star"sin|ek 1,2 (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"sinek 2 face="Times New Roman Star"sin|ak, sin|gek 2 (Pav. C. ) face="Times New Roman Star"syn|gek 'gad-fly' face="Times New Roman Star"sina"k 1 face="Times New Roman Star"sin|ek 2 face="Times New Roman Star"sik, se:k 2 face="Times New Roman Star"se:k 1 face="Times New Roman Star"s?ъna 2 face="Times New Roman Star"se:k 2 face="Times New Roman Star"sinek 2 face="Times New Roman Star"sinek 2 face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 838, VEWT 422-423, Лексика 185, ЭСТЯ 7. Cf. also Yak., Dolg. yn|yrya 'bee, wasp' (Stachowski 261). Turk. > Hung. szunyog 'mosquito', see Gombocz 1912 . face="Times New Roman Star"*Kyjm- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"to move face="Times New Roman Star"двигаться face="Times New Roman Star"qymyt- (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"kymylda- face="Times New Roman Star"qim- face="Times New Roman Star"qimil 'movement' face="Times New Roman Star"Gymyldan- face="Times New Roman Star"Gy:mylda- face="Times New Roman Star"xyjmyra- face="Times New Roman Star"qyjmyqta- face="Times New Roman Star"qyjmyl 'movement' face="Times New Roman Star"qyjmyl 'movement' face="Times New Roman Star"qyjmylda- 'шевелиться' face="Times New Roman Star"qymylda- face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 262. face="Times New Roman Star"*sarp face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"difficult face="Times New Roman Star"трудный face="Times New Roman Star"sarp (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"sarp (KB ) face="Times New Roman Star"sarp face="Times New Roman Star"(MKypch.) sarp (CCum ., Houts. ) face="Times New Roman Star"sarp face="Times New Roman Star"sarp face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 404, EDT 845. face="Times New Roman Star"*sygyt- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 to cry, weep 2 weeping face="Times New Roman Star"1 плакать, рыдать 2 плач face="Times New Roman Star"syg|yt (Orkh.) 2 face="Times New Roman Star"syg|yt (MK ) 2 face="Times New Roman Star"syg|yt 2 (IM ) face="Times New Roman Star"sy:t 2 face="Times New Roman Star"syg|yt 2 face="Times New Roman Star"yta:- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"yta:- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"syjt 2 face="Times New Roman Star"syg|yt 2 face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 806, VEWT 415, ЭСТЯ 7, Stachowski 262. face="Times New Roman Star"*emge- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 to suffer, be tortured 2 bother, worry, pains face="Times New Roman Star"1 страдать, подвергаться пыткам 2 хлопоты, мучение, труд face="Times New Roman Star"emge- (OUygh.) 1 face="Times New Roman Star"emge- 1, emgek 2 (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"emen- 1, emek 2 face="Times New Roman Star"imge|n- 1, imge|k 2 face="Times New Roman Star"emgen- (AH , Pav. C. ) 1, emgek (AH , Abush. ), emek (Pav. C. ) 2 face="Times New Roman Star"dial. emge|k 2 face="Times New Roman Star"dial. e|mge|n- 1, e|mge|k 2 face="Times New Roman Star"a"ma"k 2 face="Times New Roman Star"emgen- 1, emgek 2 face="Times New Roman Star"aman- 1, amak 'illness' face="Times New Roman Star"emek 'decrepit' face="Times New Roman Star"en|bek 'chronic illness' face="Times New Roman Star"emgek 2 face="Times New Roman Star"en|bek 2 face="Times New Roman Star"embek 2 face="Times New Roman Star"imge|n- 1, imge|k 2 face="Times New Roman Star"emgen- 1, emgek 2 face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 159, VEWT 42, ЭСТЯ 1, 272-275, 25-26. Turk. > Mong. emge- (Щербак 1997 , 114). face="Times New Roman Star"*Kul/ face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"a hairless spot (on horse's skin) face="Times New Roman Star"проплешина (на шкуре лошади) face="Times New Roman Star"kus? face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 305. face="Times New Roman Star"*Teb face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"trick, device face="Times New Roman Star"трюк, шутка face="Times New Roman Star"teblig 'tricky' (Orkh., OUygh.), teb (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"tev (MK ), tevlig 'tricky' (MK , KB ) face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 468, EDT 434. face="Times New Roman Star"*tekir/ face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"level face="Times New Roman Star"ровный face="Times New Roman Star"tigez face="Times New Roman Star"tekiz (Pav. C. ) face="Times New Roman Star"tekiz face="Times New Roman Star"teki:z face="Times New Roman Star"tagъr face="Times New Roman Star"tegiz face="Times New Roman Star"tegis face="Times New Roman Star"tegis face="Times New Roman Star"tiged| face="Times New Roman Star"tegiz face="Times New Roman Star"tegis face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 468, 470. Федотов 2, 165-166 connects the Chuv. form with PT *takyr 'level, smooth' (which is possible if Chuv. < Tat.), in which case the Chuvash form should be removed from this etymology. face="Times New Roman Star"*temen face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"big needle face="Times New Roman Star"большая игла face="Times New Roman Star"temen (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"temen jigne (MK , IM ) face="Times New Roman Star"tebene (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"teben (Pav. C. ), (MKypch.) temen (CCum .) face="Times New Roman Star"temen face="Times New Roman Star"to"mu"na" face="Times New Roman Star"ta"ma"na" face="Times New Roman Star"temen face="Times New Roman Star"tibe @n|e face="Times New Roman Star"temene, tebene face="Times New Roman Star"temen face="Times New Roman Star"tevene face="Times New Roman Star"temene face="Times New Roman Star"teben face="Times New Roman Star"teben face="Times New Roman Star"tiba"n ena" face="Times New Roman Star"teben face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 472, EDT 507. Turk. > WMong. tebene, temene id. (KW 391, TMN 4, 278-279, Щербак 1997 , 154). face="Times New Roman Star"*Tylda- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 to allow, refer to 2 reason, excuse face="Times New Roman Star"1 обосновывать, ссылаться 2 причина, повод face="Times New Roman Star"tylda- 1, tyldag| 2 (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"tylda- 1 (KB ), tyldag| 2 (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"tyldaq 2 face="Times New Roman Star"dyldag| 2 (Houts. ) face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 478, EDT 494 (but not derived from *dyl 'tongue'!). face="Times New Roman Star"*bAryk (?) face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"unclear silhouette face="Times New Roman Star"неясный силуэт face="Times New Roman Star"baryq (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"baryk, boruk 'darkness' face="Times New Roman Star"ДТС 84. A somewhat dubious etymon: the OT form is quoted from the Uzbek edition of MK , not confirmed by Clauson and Dizin; the sense of the passage is rather obscure; the Yak. form may be secondarily built on the basis of the borrowed baryj-, boruj- 'be badly visible'. But cf. perhaps Kirgh. (ep.) burqu 'variety'? face="Times New Roman Star"*bal/tar face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"sickle face="Times New Roman Star"серп face="Times New Roman Star"bas?tar (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 378.
,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,
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